Correlational method

Correlational research uses the data from descriptive methods to reveal the correlation among independent variables in real-world settings. However, the relationship between cause and effect in correlational research can be ambiguous (Myers, 2008) because correlation does not equal causality. Correlation provides hints about a relationship that allows predictability but does not tell if changing one variable will cause changes in another variable (Kenrick, Neuberg, & Cialdini, 2007). In other words, correlation does not allow conclusions about cause and effect. As a result, Myers declares, “the correlation-causation confusion is behind much-muddled thinking in social psychology” (p. 19). The experimental method provides some clarity for this muddled thinking.